A Responsabilidade Civil Contratual refers to the legal obligation that arises when one party fails to fulfill their duties as outlined in a contract. This failure can lead to damages or losses for the other party, who may seek compensation. The key elements include the existence of a valid contract, a breach of that contract, and the resulting harm. In such cases, the injured party can claim damages to restore their position as if the contract had been properly executed. This concept is essential in ensuring that agreements are honored and that parties are held accountable for their commitments.