The "Republican Revolution" refers to the significant political shift in the United States during the 1990s, particularly marked by the 1994 midterm elections. This period saw the Republican Party gain control of both the House of Representatives and the Senate for the first time in 40 years. The movement was largely driven by a desire for smaller government, lower taxes, and a focus on conservative social values. Key figures in this revolution included Newt Gingrich, who became Speaker of the House, and the introduction of the "Contract with America," a document outlining the party's legislative agenda. This shift reshaped American politics, leading to increased polarization and influencing future elections and policies.