The Republic of San Marino is a small, landlocked country situated within Italy. It is one of the world's oldest republics, founded in A.D. 301. San Marino covers an area of just 61 square kilometers and has a population of around 34,000 people. The capital city is also named San Marino, and the country is known for its medieval architecture and stunning views from its mountainous terrain. San Marino has a unique political system, with two Captains Regent serving as heads of state for six-month terms. The economy is primarily based on tourism, banking, and manufacturing. Despite its small size, San Marino has a rich cultural heritage and is recognized for its historical significance in Europe.