Reliability Theory is a field of study that focuses on the ability of a system or component to perform its intended function under specified conditions for a designated period. It involves analyzing the likelihood of failure and the factors that contribute to reliability, such as design, materials, and environmental conditions. This theory is widely applied in engineering, manufacturing, and quality control to ensure products meet safety and performance standards. Key concepts in Reliability Theory include failure rates, mean time to failure (MTTF), and reliability functions. These concepts help engineers and researchers predict how long a product will last and when it might fail. By understanding these factors, organizations can improve product design, enhance maintenance strategies, and reduce costs associated with failures.