Reading disorders, often referred to as dyslexia, are specific learning disabilities that affect an individual's ability to read, write, and spell. These disorders can manifest as difficulties in recognizing words, decoding text, and understanding written material. People with reading disorders may struggle with phonemic awareness, which is the ability to hear and manipulate sounds in words. The causes of reading disorders can be neurological, genetic, or environmental. Early identification and intervention are crucial for effective management. Strategies such as specialized teaching methods, tutoring, and the use of assistive technology can help individuals improve their reading skills and succeed academically.