The "Rate of Climb" (ROC) refers to the vertical speed at which an aircraft ascends or descends, typically measured in feet per minute (fpm). It indicates how quickly an aircraft can gain altitude after takeoff or during a climb. A higher ROC is often desirable for efficient ascent, especially in situations requiring quick altitude changes. ROC is influenced by various factors, including the aircraft's weight, engine power, and atmospheric conditions. Pilots monitor the ROC to ensure safe and effective climbs, adjusting their flight path as necessary. Understanding ROC is essential for flight safety and performance management in aviation.