The Ras superfamily is a group of proteins that play a crucial role in transmitting signals within cells. These proteins are small GTPases, meaning they can bind to and hydrolyze guanosine triphosphate (GTP). They are involved in various cellular processes, including growth, differentiation, and survival. Members of the Ras superfamily include several important subfamilies, such as Ras, Rho, Rab, and Arf. Each subfamily has distinct functions and is involved in different signaling pathways. Dysregulation of these proteins can lead to various diseases, including cancer, making them important targets for therapeutic research.