The Rankine cycle is a thermodynamic cycle that converts heat into mechanical energy, commonly used in power plants. It involves four main processes: heating a working fluid, converting it to steam, expanding the steam to do work, and then condensing it back into a liquid. This cycle efficiently generates electricity by utilizing heat sources like fossil fuels or nuclear energy. In the Rankine cycle, the working fluid typically used is water. The cycle begins with the liquid water being heated in a boiler, turning it into steam. The steam then expands through a turbine, producing mechanical energy, which is often converted into electrical energy. Finally, the steam is cooled and condensed back into water, completing the cycle.