Rail operations refer to the management and coordination of trains and their services on a railway network. This includes scheduling train movements, ensuring safety protocols are followed, and maintaining the infrastructure such as tracks and signals. Efficient rail operations are crucial for timely transportation of passengers and goods. Key components of rail operations involve train crews, dispatchers, and maintenance teams. Train crews operate the trains, while dispatchers oversee the movement of trains to prevent collisions and delays. Maintenance teams ensure that the railway infrastructure is in good condition, which is essential for safe and reliable service.