The RSA encryption algorithm is a widely used method for securing data through encryption. It relies on the mathematical properties of prime numbers to create a pair of keys: a public key for encryption and a private key for decryption. This ensures that only the intended recipient can read the message, as the private key is kept secret. To generate the keys, RSA first selects two large prime numbers and multiplies them together. The security of the algorithm is based on the difficulty of factoring this large product back into its prime components. This makes RSA a robust choice for secure communications in various applications, including online banking and email encryption.