ROS 2 is an open-source robotics middleware framework that helps developers build robot applications. It provides tools and libraries for creating software that can control robots, enabling communication between different components and systems. This makes it easier to develop complex robotic systems that can work together seamlessly. Unlike its predecessor, ROS 1, ROS 2 is designed to be more flexible and scalable, supporting a wider range of platforms and programming languages. It also includes improved security features and real-time capabilities, making it suitable for various applications, from industrial robots to autonomous vehicles.