The RNA World Hypothesis suggests that early life on Earth was based on ribonucleic acid (RNA) rather than deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). This theory posits that RNA molecules were capable of both storing genetic information and catalyzing chemical reactions, allowing them to replicate and evolve. This self-replicating ability could have led to the development of more complex life forms. According to this hypothesis, the transition from an RNA-based life to the DNA-protein world we see today involved the evolution of enzymes and DNA for more stable genetic storage. The RNA World Hypothesis provides insights into the origins of life and the potential pathways for the emergence of biological complexity.