R. A. Lister, or Sir Joseph Lister, was a British surgeon and a pioneer in the field of antiseptic surgery. Born in 1827, he is best known for introducing the use of carbolic acid to sterilize surgical instruments and clean wounds, significantly reducing the risk of infection during operations. His work laid the foundation for modern surgical practices and improved patient outcomes. Lister's contributions to medicine earned him recognition as the "father of modern surgery." He was a key figure in the development of antiseptic techniques, which are crucial in preventing infections in hospitals today. His legacy continues to influence surgical practices around the world.