Quinolones are a class of synthetic antibiotics used to treat various bacterial infections. They work by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes essential for DNA replication and repair. This action helps to kill or stop the growth of bacteria, making quinolones effective against a range of infections, including those caused by Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Common examples of quinolones include ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. While they are generally effective, their use can be associated with side effects such as gastrointestinal disturbances and, in some cases, tendon damage. Due to concerns about resistance, their use is often reserved for specific infections.