Quantum models are theoretical frameworks used to describe the behavior of particles at the atomic and subatomic levels. These models help scientists understand phenomena that classical physics cannot explain, such as the dual nature of particles, which can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties. One of the most well-known quantum models is the quantum mechanical model of the atom, which describes electrons as existing in probabilistic clouds around the nucleus rather than in fixed orbits. This model incorporates principles from quantum mechanics, such as superposition and entanglement, to explain how particles interact and behave in various states.