Quality attributes are the characteristics that define how well a system performs its functions. They include aspects such as reliability, usability, performance, and security. These attributes help stakeholders understand the system's overall effectiveness and user satisfaction, guiding decisions during development and maintenance. In software engineering, quality attributes are crucial for assessing the system's architecture and design. They influence choices about technology, frameworks, and processes, ensuring that the final product meets user needs and expectations. Balancing these attributes often requires trade-offs, as improving one may impact another, making careful planning essential.