Pulmonary vascular diseases refer to a group of conditions that affect the blood vessels in the lungs. These diseases can lead to increased blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, which can strain the heart and reduce oxygen supply to the body. Common types include pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary embolism. Symptoms of pulmonary vascular diseases may include shortness of breath, fatigue, and chest pain. Diagnosis often involves imaging tests like CT scans or echocardiograms, and treatment options may include medications, lifestyle changes, or surgical interventions to improve blood flow and reduce symptoms.