Project Chanology is a protest movement that began in January 2008, primarily against the Church of Scientology. It was initiated by members of the online community Anonymous, who were concerned about the church's practices, including its aggressive legal tactics against critics and its treatment of former members. The movement gained attention after the release of a leaked video featuring Tom Cruise, which showcased the church's secretive nature. The protests included organized demonstrations outside Scientology centers worldwide, as well as online activism. Participants used masks and pseudonyms to protect their identities, emphasizing the movement's focus on free speech and anti-censorship. Project Chanology highlighted issues related to Scientology and sparked broader discussions about religious freedom and the rights of individuals to criticize organizations.