Programmed cell death, also known as apoptosis, is a natural process by which cells intentionally undergo self-destruction. This mechanism is crucial for maintaining healthy tissue development and function, as it helps eliminate damaged or unnecessary cells without causing inflammation. During apoptosis, cells undergo a series of controlled changes, including shrinkage, DNA fragmentation, and membrane blebbing. These changes signal neighboring cells and the immune system to clear away the dying cells efficiently, ensuring that the surrounding tissue remains healthy and functional.