Production methods refer to the various techniques and processes used to create goods and services. These methods can vary widely depending on the type of product being made, the scale of production, and the resources available. Common production methods include mass production, where large quantities of identical items are produced, and custom production, which focuses on creating unique products tailored to individual customer needs. Another important production method is lean manufacturing, which aims to minimize waste and improve efficiency by streamlining processes. Additionally, just-in-time (JIT) production helps companies reduce inventory costs by producing goods only as they are needed. Each method has its advantages and is chosen based on specific business goals.