Printed works refer to any material that has been produced using printing techniques, such as books, newspapers, magazines, and brochures. These items are typically created by transferring text and images onto paper or other materials, making information accessible to a wide audience. The invention of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century revolutionized the way information was disseminated, leading to increased literacy and the spread of ideas. Today, printed works continue to play a significant role in education, entertainment, and communication. They can be found in various formats, including fiction and non-fiction books, academic journals, and promotional materials. Despite the rise of digital media, many people still value printed works for their tangible nature and ease of use.