The Principality of Transylvania was a historical region located in central Romania. It existed as a semi-autonomous principality from the late Middle Ages until the late 17th century. Transylvania was known for its diverse population, including Hungarians, Romanians, and Saxons, and it played a significant role in the political and cultural history of Eastern Europe. During its existence, the principality was often caught between the influences of the Ottoman Empire and the Habsburg Monarchy. It was recognized for its unique legal system and religious tolerance, allowing various faiths to coexist. The region's rich history continues to attract interest from historians and tourists alike.