The Principality of Hungary was a historical state that existed from the late 9th century until the early 11th century. It emerged as a result of the migration of the Magyars, a group of nomadic tribes, into the Carpathian Basin. The principality was characterized by its tribal organization and was led by chieftains, with Árpád being one of the most notable leaders. In 1000 AD, the principality transitioned into the Kingdom of Hungary when Stephen I was crowned as the first king. This marked the beginning of a centralized monarchy and the spread of Christianity in the region, significantly shaping Hungary's cultural and political landscape.