Preconditions are specific conditions or requirements that must be met before a particular action or process can take place. They serve as a foundation for ensuring that the desired outcome is achievable. For example, in software development, certain system requirements must be fulfilled before a program can run successfully. In various fields, such as project management or scientific research, preconditions help identify potential obstacles and ensure that all necessary resources are in place. By establishing these criteria, individuals and teams can better plan their activities and increase the likelihood of success in their endeavors.