Potential Theory is a branch of mathematics that studies harmonic functions and their properties. It focuses on the concept of potential, which can be thought of as a way to describe the influence of forces, such as gravity or electric fields, in a given space. This theory is particularly useful in physics and engineering, where it helps to model various phenomena. In Potential Theory, the key idea is that certain functions can represent the potential energy in a system. These functions are often derived from solutions to Laplace's equation, which is a fundamental equation in mathematical physics. By analyzing these functions, researchers can gain insights into the behavior of physical systems and solve complex problems related to fluid dynamics and electromagnetism.