Portuguese colonization began in the 15th century as Portugal sought new trade routes and territories. The Portuguese established colonies in regions such as Brazil, Angola, and Mozambique, focusing on trade, agriculture, and resource extraction. They played a significant role in the Atlantic slave trade, transporting enslaved Africans to work on plantations. The colonization efforts were marked by the establishment of forts and trading posts along the coasts of Africa, Asia, and South America. The Portuguese spread their language, culture, and religion, particularly Catholicism, influencing the societies they encountered. This period significantly shaped the history and demographics of the regions involved.