Population exchange refers to the process where two groups of people, often from different ethnic or national backgrounds, relocate to each other's territories. This can occur due to various reasons, including political agreements, conflicts, or efforts to promote peace. A notable example is the Greco-Turkish War in the early 20th century, which led to the exchange of populations between Greece and Turkey. Such exchanges can significantly impact the demographics, culture, and social structures of the involved regions. While they may aim to reduce tensions, they can also lead to challenges, including loss of cultural heritage and the need for integration of displaced populations into new communities.