Pope Benedict XVI, born Joseph Ratzinger in 1927, was the head of the Roman Catholic Church from 2005 until his resignation in 2013. Known for his deep theological knowledge, he emphasized the importance of faith and tradition. His papacy focused on addressing modern challenges facing the Church, including secularism and moral issues. In a historic move, Pope Benedict XVI became the first pope in nearly 600 years to resign, citing health reasons. After stepping down, he took the title "Pope Emeritus" and lived in the Vatican, continuing to write and reflect on his experiences and the future of the Catholic Church.