The Polyol Pathway is a biochemical process that converts excess glucose into sugar alcohols, primarily sorbitol and fructose. This pathway is facilitated by the enzyme aldose reductase, which reduces glucose to sorbitol, and then sorbitol dehydrogenase, which converts sorbitol to fructose. This process is particularly active in tissues like the eyes, nerves, and kidneys. In conditions such as diabetes, elevated glucose levels can lead to increased activity of the Polyol Pathway, resulting in the accumulation of sorbitol. This accumulation can cause cellular damage and complications, such as diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy, highlighting the importance of glucose regulation in metabolic health.