Polynomial approximation is a mathematical technique used to estimate complex functions using polynomials. By representing a function as a sum of polynomial terms, it becomes easier to analyze and compute values. This method is particularly useful in numerical analysis and computer science, where exact solutions may be difficult to obtain. One common application of polynomial approximation is in the field of numerical methods, where it helps in solving differential equations and optimizing functions. Techniques like Taylor series and Chebyshev polynomials are often employed to create these approximations, allowing for better performance in calculations and simulations.