Polymerization processes are chemical reactions that link small molecules, known as monomers, into long chains called polymers. This process can occur through various methods, including addition polymerization, where monomers add together without the loss of any atoms, and condensation polymerization, where monomers join while releasing small molecules like water. These processes are essential in creating a wide range of materials, from everyday items like plastic bags and rubber tires to advanced materials used in industries such as medicine and electronics. Understanding polymerization helps scientists and engineers design new materials with specific properties for various applications.