The area of a polygon is the amount of space enclosed within its boundaries. A polygon is a flat shape with straight sides, such as triangles, squares, and pentagons. The formula to calculate the area varies depending on the type of polygon. For example, the area of a triangle can be found using the formula: Area = 1/2 × base × height. For regular polygons, where all sides and angles are equal, the area can be calculated using the formula: Area = (Perimeter × Apothem) / 2. The apothem is a line from the center to the midpoint of a side. Understanding polygon area is essential in fields like geometry and architecture.