The Polish-Silesian Conflict refers to a series of disputes and tensions between the Polish and German populations in the region of Silesia, particularly after World War I. The conflict arose from competing national identities and territorial claims, as both groups sought to assert their cultural and political rights in the area. Following the war, the Treaty of Versailles led to a plebiscite in 1921, allowing residents to choose between joining Poland or remaining with Germany. This resulted in violent clashes, known as the Silesian Uprisings, as both sides attempted to influence the outcome, ultimately leading to a division of the region between the two nations.