The Polish nobility, known as the szlachta, played a significant role in the history of Poland from the Middle Ages until the partitions in the late 18th century. This social class was characterized by land ownership, political influence, and a distinct legal status. Members of the szlachta enjoyed privileges such as exemption from certain taxes and the right to participate in the Sejm, Poland's legislative assembly. The szlachta was diverse, comprising various ranks and titles, including barons, counts, and dukes. They were often involved in military service and governance, contributing to the cultural and political landscape of Poland. The decline of the szlachta began with the partitions of Poland, which fragmented the nation and diminished their power.