The Polar Circles are two specific lines of latitude located at 66.5 degrees north and south of the equator. These circles mark the boundaries of the Arctic and Antarctic regions, where unique environmental conditions exist. Within these areas, phenomena such as the midnight sun and polar night occur, where the sun remains visible for 24 hours during summer and is absent for 24 hours during winter. The Arctic Circle encompasses parts of several countries, including Norway, Canada, and Russia, while the Antarctic Circle surrounds the continent of Antarctica. These regions are characterized by extreme temperatures, ice-covered landscapes, and diverse wildlife adapted to harsh conditions.