A Poisson Process is a statistical model that describes events occurring randomly over a fixed period of time or space. It is characterized by the fact that these events happen independently of one another, and the average rate of occurrence is constant. Common examples include the number of phone calls received at a call center or the arrival of customers at a store. In a Poisson Process, the probability of a certain number of events occurring in a given interval can be calculated using the Poisson distribution. This distribution helps in understanding the likelihood of various outcomes, making it useful in fields like telecommunications, traffic flow analysis, and queueing theory.