Plumbing fittings are essential components used in plumbing systems to connect various pipes and fixtures. They help direct the flow of water and ensure a secure and leak-free installation. Common types of fittings include elbows, tees, couplings, and valves, each serving a specific purpose in the system. These fittings are made from various materials, such as PVC, copper, and brass, depending on the application and the type of fluid being transported. Proper selection and installation of plumbing fittings are crucial for maintaining the efficiency and longevity of the entire plumbing system.