Plant-insect interactions refer to the various ways in which plants and insects affect each other's lives. Insects can be herbivores, feeding on plant leaves, stems, or roots, which can harm the plant. Conversely, some insects, like bees and butterflies, play a crucial role in pollination, helping plants reproduce by transferring pollen from one flower to another. Additionally, plants have developed various strategies to defend themselves against insect herbivores. These defenses can include physical barriers, such as thorns, or chemical defenses that deter insects from feeding. Some plants even attract predatory insects that help control herbivore populations, creating a complex web of interactions in ecosystems.