Plant metabolism refers to the series of chemical processes that occur within plants to convert nutrients into energy. This process primarily involves photosynthesis, where plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose and oxygen. The glucose serves as an energy source for growth, reproduction, and other vital functions, while oxygen is released into the atmosphere, benefiting other living organisms. In addition to photosynthesis, plants also engage in respiration, which breaks down glucose to release energy for cellular activities. This balance between photosynthesis and respiration is crucial for maintaining the plant's health and supporting its life cycle, ultimately contributing to the ecosystem's overall stability and productivity.