A Plague Doctor was a medical professional who treated victims of the Black Death and other epidemics in Europe during the 14th to 17th centuries. They are often recognized by their distinctive beaked masks, which were filled with aromatic substances to ward off miasma, or "bad air," believed to cause disease. These doctors typically wore long coats made of waxed fabric and gloves to protect themselves from infection. Their role was crucial during outbreaks, as they provided care and documented symptoms, contributing to the understanding of infectious diseases over time.