Pivot joints are a type of synovial joint that allow for rotational movement around a single axis. They are formed where one bone rotates within a ring-shaped structure created by another bone and surrounding ligaments. A common example of a pivot joint is the atlantoaxial joint, which allows the head to turn from side to side. Another example is the proximal radioulnar joint, located in the forearm, which enables the radius to rotate around the ulna. Pivot joints are essential for various movements, providing flexibility and range of motion in the body.