Pigment dispersion refers to the process of evenly distributing tiny particles of color, known as pigments, within a liquid medium. This technique is essential in various industries, including paint, ink, and cosmetics, as it ensures that the color is uniform and stable. Proper dispersion prevents clumping and settling, which can affect the quality and appearance of the final product. The effectiveness of pigment dispersion depends on factors such as the type of pigment, the medium used, and the method of mixing. Techniques like grinding, milling, or using surfactants can enhance dispersion, leading to better color intensity and consistency in applications.