Phytohormones, also known as plant hormones, are natural substances produced by plants that regulate their growth and development. These hormones play crucial roles in various processes, such as cell division, elongation, and differentiation. Some common types of phytohormones include auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, and abscisic acid, each with specific functions that help plants respond to their environment. These hormones help plants adapt to changes, such as light, gravity, and water availability. For example, auxins promote root growth, while abscisic acid helps plants conserve water during drought conditions. By understanding phytohormones, scientists can improve agricultural practices and enhance crop yields.