Phytochrome is a light-sensitive protein found in plants that helps them detect and respond to light. It plays a crucial role in regulating various processes, including seed germination, flowering, and shade avoidance. Phytochrome exists in two forms: Pr, which absorbs red light, and Pfr, which absorbs far-red light. The conversion between these forms allows plants to sense changes in light conditions. When plants are exposed to light, phytochrome undergoes a transformation that triggers specific genetic responses. This mechanism enables plants to adapt to their environment, ensuring optimal growth and development. By responding to light cues, phytochrome helps plants maximize photosynthesis and compete effectively for resources.