Phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors (PI3K inhibitors) are a class of drugs that target the PI3K signaling pathway, which plays a crucial role in cell growth, proliferation, and survival. By inhibiting this pathway, these drugs can help control the growth of certain cancers and other diseases where this pathway is overactive. These inhibitors are often used in cancer treatment, particularly for tumors with mutations in the PIK3CA gene, which can lead to increased activity of the PI3K pathway. Ongoing research aims to improve their effectiveness and reduce side effects, making them a promising area in targeted therapy.