The Philippine Republic is a sovereign nation located in Southeast Asia, consisting of over 7,000 islands. It was established on June 12, 1898, when the country declared independence from Spanish colonial rule. The capital city is Manila, and the official languages are Filipino and English. The government operates as a democratic republic, with a president serving as both the head of state and government. The country is known for its rich cultural heritage, influenced by various civilizations, including Spanish, American, and indigenous traditions. The Philippines has a diverse population, with over 100 ethnic groups and numerous languages spoken. Its economy is driven by agriculture, manufacturing, and services, making it one of the emerging markets in the region.