Philip the Fair, also known as Philip IV of France, was a king who ruled from 1285 to 1314. He is known for his efforts to centralize royal power and strengthen the French monarchy. Philip was also notable for his conflicts with the Papal States, particularly with Pope Boniface VIII, which led to significant tensions between the church and the crown. During his reign, Philip the Fair implemented various reforms, including the establishment of the Estates-General, which allowed for greater representation of the French people. He also expanded France's territory through strategic marriages and military campaigns, leaving a lasting impact on the country's political landscape.