Phenylalanine Hydroxylase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the metabolism of the amino acid phenylalanine. It catalyzes the conversion of phenylalanine into another amino acid called tyrosine, which is essential for producing important neurotransmitters and hormones. This process is vital for normal brain function and overall health. Deficiency in phenylalanine hydroxylase can lead to a genetic disorder known as phenylketonuria (PKU). Individuals with PKU cannot effectively break down phenylalanine, leading to its accumulation in the body. If left untreated, this can result in serious neurological issues and developmental delays, highlighting the importance of this enzyme in human health.