Pharmaceutical oversight refers to the regulatory processes that ensure the safety, efficacy, and quality of medications. This oversight is primarily conducted by government agencies, such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States, which evaluates new drugs before they can be marketed. These agencies set standards for clinical trials, manufacturing practices, and labeling to protect public health. In addition to initial drug approval, pharmaceutical oversight involves ongoing monitoring of medications once they are on the market. This includes tracking adverse effects, conducting inspections of manufacturing facilities, and ensuring compliance with regulations. Such vigilance helps maintain trust in the pharmaceutical industry and safeguards patients from potential harm.