Petrochemistry is the branch of chemistry that focuses on the transformation of petroleum and natural gas into useful products. It involves the study of the chemical processes that convert raw fossil fuels into a variety of chemicals, fuels, and materials, such as plastics, fertilizers, and synthetic fibers. The field plays a crucial role in the global economy, as many everyday products are derived from petrochemical processes. By understanding the chemical properties of hydrocarbons, petrochemists can develop new methods for producing energy and materials, contributing to advancements in technology and sustainability.